观光农业园区节水灌溉技术的应用设计

阐述了观光农业是旅游消费市场的一种新型农业生产经营形态和新兴农业艺术。并简介了观光农业园区中的几种节水灌溉技术及采用节水灌溉后产生的增产增收和节水效益。     

浅析大中型农田水利基础设施

通过定性和定量的分析，探讨了大中型农田水利基础设施各自发展中出现问题的原因。对于大中型农田水刺基础设施来说，阻碍其发展的因素包括政府投入不足、单位管理效率低下和水费收取困难等。最后，给出了解决大中弄农田水利基础设施建设和管理问题的对策建议。     

Automatic detection of Salmonella enterica in sprout irrigation water using a nucleic acid sensor

A nucleic acid sensor capable of automated sample and reagent loading, real-time PCR, automated detection, and sample line cleaning was tested. Real-time PCR reactions were performed with Salmonella enterica in autoclaved and spent alfalfa sprout irrigation water. S. enterica boiled cells were detected over a range of approximately 10⁴ to 10⁸ CFU/reaction (rxn). It was possible to generate enough PCR product to visualize a band on a gel at the expected size over approximately five orders of magnitude from 3.2 × 10³ to 10⁸ CFU/rxn. Automated detection experiments yielded correct identification of 9/9 positive control reactions over a range of 10⁴ to 10⁸ CFU/rxn, correctly identified a negative control reaction, and a sample of 3.2 × 10³ CFU/rxn was incorrectly identified as negative. Primer dimers were not seen in positive or negative control reactions with sprout irrigation water, suggesting that it may be possible to improve the detection limit simply by increasing the number of thermal cycles or by lowering the annealing temperature. The system required no interpretation of real-time PCR data by the operator. The entire process of loading, running the PCR, automated data interpretation, and sample line cleaning was completed in under 2 h and 20 min, significantly faster than it would take to ship a sample and have it tested by an independent laboratory.     

干旱区微咸水灌溉的水-土环境效应预测研究

本文运用MODFLOW及SWAP模型对微咸水灌溉的水-土环境效应进行了预测.模型参数用2004年的观测资料进行率定,并用2002年的资料对模型的可靠性进行了检验.结果显示,淋洗灌溉定额条件下,不同作物的土壤盐分积累及作物相对减产率分别比正常灌溉定额条件下有所降低;微成水灌溉后土壤盐分的积累随着时间的推移呈递减趋势,大约在10年后盐分达到进出平衡状态,平衡时土壤的含盐量(0.126%)仍属于轻度盐渍土;抽取地下微咸水灌溉后,淋洗灌溉定额条件地下水位的下降幅度及含水层盐分的增加量都比正常灌溉定额条件下有所降低.采用微咸水灌溉,淋洗灌溉比正常灌溉对环境有利.     

果园节水灌溉示范工程设计方案——以潮安县绵德园水果生产基地为例

潮安县山地多,山坡地果园占大多数,且多数无灌溉条件。有时遭受干旱的威胁,对增产影响很大。节水灌溉是调整农业产业结构、实现水土资源合理利用、改善生态环境、促进经济发展和增产增收的重要举措,利用其对潮安县绵德园水果生产基地进行设计,发挥示范作用,从而推进节水事业的发展,实现水资源的可持续开发利用。     

The demand for energy for irrigation in the USA

There seems to be some question concerning the relationship between irrigation and the price of energy. Did changes in the price of energy actually impact irrigation in the USA? Additionally, the substitution between alternative types of energy seems to be a possibility for irrigation. Whether in fact it occurred is another matter. In this study, an appropriate model is developed and estimated to address the issues. The specific energy types considered include motor gasoline, diesel fuel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas and electrical energy. The results for 1978 and for 1980 clearly indicate that energy use for irrigation is responsive to the price of energy. Additionally, some substitution between energy types took place during this period. Finally, when the question of the stability of the demand for the various energy types is addressed, the suggestion is that the demand for the energy types considered was stable for the 1978 and 1980 periods.     

井灌区农业节水与地下水资源可持续利用对策

本文主要对大安井灌区“十五”期间的节水灌溉作了总体规划，并对地下水资源可持续利用存在的问题提出了切实可行的对策。     

节水灌溉工程技术的历史、现状及展望

从节水灌溉工程技术的角度出发,回顾历史,总结现状,并展望未来节水灌溉工程技术的发展趋势.同时指出了节水工程技术中的一些缺点,对致力于节水事业的广大科技人员有一定的参考价值.     

引大入秦工程节水建设思考

为了能使秦王川及其周边地区宜开发的土地得到合理开发，满足兰州再发展的需要，考虑秦王川周边的水资源状况，对引入大秦工程实施节水建设是十分必要的，节水工程措施可以从以下３方面入手，提高渠系防渗建设标准，改变灌溉方式，开采补不，经分析计算，采取节水工程措施后，每年可节水１２２８８万ｍ＾３，节余的水量除可新发展２．２７万ｈｍ＾２灌区外，并富余２１５９万ｍ＾３可量可供城市发展之用，分析结果表明，采取节水措施     

农业灌溉节水对策

本文以石津灌区为例：结合灌区历年输水及灌溉经验的总结与分析，针对我省干旱缺水状况，阐述了农业灌溉节水的重要性，并对节水措施与对策提出了个人浅见。